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Indonesian Exports
During 2005
Indonesian exports have consistently dominated imports since 1986. During the last two decades, the Indonesian government has striven to increase non oil and gas exports with the result that exports are no longer dominated by Petroleum and Natural Gas, whose share in the total exports fell to 22% in 2005. The share of non oil and gas exports in total exports increased from 44% in 1986 to 78% in 2005.
Substantial trade reforms during the 1980s contributed to the surge in manufactured exports from Indonesia. Some major manufactured exports are textiles, paper and paper products, processed woods, electrical machinery, footwear, furniture, plastic-ware and rubber goods. In the agricultural and marine sectors, significant foreign exchange is earned through export of vegetable oil and fish.
30 growth sectors as follows have been identified by the Indonesian government for exports.
- Textile
- Electrical equipment, measuring, photographic instruments etc.
- Timber
- Articles of base metal
- Paper and paper products
- Copper ores and concentrates
- Coal
- Furniture and parts
- Vegetable oil
- Chemical products
- Rubber products
- Processed food
- Shrimps (fresh, frozen)
- Fish and miscellaneous
- Glass and glassware
- Cocoa beans
- Coffee
- Spices
- Cement
- Essential oils
- Fertilizers
- Stearn
- Leather and leather products
- Tea
- Cattle fodder
- Tobacco
- Platted ware
- Pharmaceutical products
- Wood in the rough/frozen
- Natural sands
Indonesian exports registered an increase of 19.53% to US $ 85.57 billion in 2005 over 2004. Increase in Oil & Gas & Non-oil & Gas exports in 2005 was as follows.
Oil & Gas 23.03% (US $ 19.25 billion)
Non-oil & Gas 18.55% (US $ 66.32 billion)
Japan was the largest non-oil export destination in 2005 followed by the United States and Singapore . However, volume-wise exports grew by only 10.09%. While Oil & Gas exports were down by 8.6% volume-wise, downward trend has also been registered by the manufacturing sector, particularly by Textiles/Garments, furniture and Electronics sectors. Indonesia ’s export performance during last three years was as follows:
By Volume (tons) By value (billion US $)
2003 219,566,853 61.95
2004 232,317,444 71.54
2005 255,762,800 85.57
Global exports from Indonesia in 2004 amounted to US $ 71,584 million. India’s share was US $ 2170.5 million in 2004 i.e. 3.03% of global exports by Indonesia. As may be seen in the table below, except for vegetable oil and ores, India has a miniscule share in the major items of export of Indonesia in 2004.
Major items of export of Indonesia in 2004 with India ’s share
HS Chapter |
Commodity description |
CIF value in US $ million |
Exports to India
( CIF value in US $ million ) |
India ’s share |
27 |
Mineral fuels, mineral oil products |
18,561.1 |
280.6 |
1.5% |
85 |
Electrical machinery, sound rec., TV etc. |
6,572.5 |
20.1 |
0.3% |
15 |
Animal or vegetable fats and oils |
4,421.2 |
1,156.4 |
26.1% |
84 |
Boilers, mechanical appliances etc. |
3,853.0 |
34.3 |
0.8% |
44 |
Wood and articles of wood |
3,271.4 |
1.8 |
0.5% |
40 |
Rubber and articles thereof |
2,998.6 |
7.8 |
0.2% |
62 |
Articles of apparel acces. not knit |
2,814.0 |
1.2 |
0.04% |
48 |
Paper and paperboard |
2,186.5 |
25.5 |
1.1% |
26 |
Ores, slag and ash |
1,935.6 |
215.6 |
11.1% |
94 |
Furniture, bedding, lamps,
Illum. signs |
1,700.7 |
1.8 |
0.1 |
Source : Indonesia Foreign Trade Statistics Exports 2004 published by Central Bureau of Statistics, Jakarta ( Indonesia )
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